Internet.. (Definition & History)

Internet is a worldwide collection of interconnected computer networks.
Global computer network that made from local computer network and regional, to enable shared of data communication between many computer that cconnected in the network.
The internet is made up of many separate but interconnected network belonging to commercial, educational and government organizations, and Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

The services offered on the internet include electronic mail (e-mail), conferencing and chat services as well as the ability to access remote computers and send and receive files. It began in the late 1960s and early 1970s as an experimental US Department of Defense project called ARPANET ( Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork) investigating how to build networks that could withstand partial outages like nuclear bomb attacks) and still survive.

Some university in USA, between UCLA, Standford, UC Santa Barbara and University of Utah, requested cooperation to do this project and the beginning is already successful to connected 4 computers in university location that different mentioned aboved.

In 1977, ARPANET already to connected more of 100 computers mainframe and now around 4 million host found in network that already connected. In the real total of computers that already connected can not be certain discovered, because total of computers development that already connected with some network is more big.

In 1982 TCP/IP (Transmisson Control Protocol and Internet Protocol ) was adopted as the standard communications protocols for ARPANET. TCP is responsible for ensuring correct delivery of messages that move from one computer to another. IP manages the sending and receiving of packets of data between machines, based on a tour-byte destination address (the IP number), which is assigned to an organization by the internet authorities. The term TCP/IP sometimes refers to the entire Internet suite of protocols that are commonly run on TCP/IP. Such as FTP (File Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), Telnet (Telecomunication Network), DNS (Domain Name Service), POP (Post Office Protocol), and so forth.

In the process of developing this technology, the military forged strong links with large corporations and universities. As a result, responsibility for the continuing research shifted to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and in 1986, NSFNET (National Science Foundation NETwork) was created, forming the new backbone of the network. Under the aegis of the NSF the network became known as the Internet. However, NSFNET itself ceased to form the internet backbone in 1995, and a fully commercial system of backbones has been created in this place. The current Internet has been likened to an electronic city with virtual libraries, storefonts, business offices, art galleries, and so on.

Another terms that is popular, particularly with the media is the ‘information superhighway’. This is a metaphor for the future worldwide network that will provide connectivity. Access to information and online services for user around the world. The term was first used in 1993 by the then US Vice President AI Gore in speech outlining plans to built a high-speed national data communications network of which the Internet is a prototype. The internet began with finding from the US NSF as a means to allow American universities to share the resources of five national supercomputing canters.